Defense & Security Glossary

The full spectrum of systems and methods to detect, track, identify, and mitigate unauthorized unmanned aerial systems (drones), protecting restricted airspace and critical sites.

Unmanned Aerial System / Vehicle — a remotely piloted or autonomous aircraft used for surveillance, reconnaissance, or other missions.

Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance — the coordinated collection and processing of information to support situational awareness and decision-making.

Architectures that unify sensor data, communications, and decision-support tools into a single operational picture; C4I adds computers, communications, and intelligence integration.

Radio-frequency sensing that passively monitors the electromagnetic spectrum to detect drone control and telemetry signals.

Electro-Optical / Infrared imaging used for visual identification and continuous tracking of targets, day or night.

Soft-kill neutralizes a threat through non-kinetic means (e.g., signal disruption); hard-kill uses kinetic interception. Response options are subject to rules of engagement and approvals.

A defense-in-depth approach combining multiple sensors and effectors across ranges and altitudes to counter diverse aerial threats.

Integrated sensors, towers, unmanned systems, and command centers that detect and classify activity along land or maritime borders.

Layered security for high-value assets such as airports, energy facilities, ports, and government sites.

A document certifying the end user and intended use of defense goods, required for compliant export and procurement.

National policy to develop domestic defense capability and supply chains; central to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.